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緑内障疫学調査を北海道真狩村の40歳以上の住民1,476名を対象として行った。受診者は577名(39.1%)である。一次検診では全員に自動屈折検査,矯正視力,ノンコンタクトトノメーター(NCT)での眼圧測定,細隙燈検査,隅角分類,無散瞳眼底撮影を行った。NCTで18mmHg以上はゴールドマン圧平眼圧計で再検し,21mmHg以上を高眼圧とした。二次検診は,高眼圧例あるいは眼底写真から緑内障を疑われたものを対象として,ハンフリー視野計アーマリー中心スクリーニングを行った。
原発開放隅角緑内障(POAG)9例12眼(1.0%),POAG疑い1例2眼(0.2%),低眼圧緑内障(LTG)13例18眼(1.6%),LTG疑い13例15眼(1.3%),原発閉塞隅角緑内障(PCAG)5例8眼(0.7%),PCAG疑い18例31眼(2.7%),続発緑内障4例6眼(0.5%),高眼圧症30例39眼(3.4%)であった。POAGの2例以外は無自覚未治療であった。
We conducted a survey of glaucoma in Makkari, Hokkaido. Out of 1,476 inhabitants aged 40 years or more, 577 (39.1%) complied with the health-check program. The first screening was conducted with the use of autorefractometry, visual acuity testing, non-contact tonometry, slitlamp microscopy, assessment of the chamber width by van Herich method and fundus photography for each subject. Intraocular pressure was rechecked with applana-tion tonometer when the measured value was above 18mmHg by noncontact tonometry. Glaucoma sus-pects, or those with intraocular pressure above 21mmHg or with pathological fundus findings, under-went through the second phase procedure of visual field testing using the Humphry perimeter with central screening program.
The survery resulted in identifying primary open angle glaucoma in 9 cases 12 eyes (1.0%), its sus-pect in 1 case 2 eyes (0.2%), low-tension glaucoma in 13 cases 18 eyes (1.3%), its suspect in 13 cases 15 eyes (1.3%), primary angle closure glaucoma in 5 cases 8 eyes (0.7%), its suspect in 18 cases 31 eyes (2.7%), secondary glaucoma in 4 cases 6 eyes (0.5%) and ocular hypertension in 30 cases 39 eyes (3.4%). Except 2 cases of primary open angle glau-coma, none of these subjects were aware of the disease.
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