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用時溶解型の点眼薬0.04%DE-016および0.1%DE-016の原発開放隅角緑内障あるいは高眼圧症に対する臨床的有用性を検討するため,エピネフリン点眼液(EPI)を対照薬とした封筒法による交叉比較試験(well controlled cross-over study)を実施し,以下の成績を得た.
(1)試験対象は268例で,除外症例15例を除く253例を解析対象とした.解析対象は低濃度群125例,高濃度群128例であった.
(2)有効性の判定において「有効」以上に判定された症例は,0.04%DE-016で76.5%,0.1%DE-016で76.1%,EPIで76.8%であり,3剤間に有意差が認められなかった.しかし眼圧降下の程度は0.1%DE-016>EPI>0.04%DE-Ol6の順であった.
(3)副作用の発現率は0.04%DE-016で35.4%,0.1%DE-016で52.4%,EPIで50.0%であり,0.04%DE-016の発現率が最も低かった.
(4)患者の印象では「良い」以上に判定された症例は,0.04%DE-016で63.3%,0.1%DE-016で62.0%,EPIで51,1%であり,0.04%DE-016とEPIの間,0.1%DE-016とEPIの間に有意差が認められ,0.04%DE-016>0.1%DE-016>EPIの順に患者の忍容性が高かった.以上の成績より,cross-over法による時期差および順序効果は認められなかったが,用時溶解型の0.04%DE-016および0.1%DE-016は,緑内障治療薬として臨床応用が可能であり,従来のEPIに比して,より有用性が高い薬剤であることが示唆された。
We performed a well-controlled clinical evaluation of 0.04% and 0.1% dipivefrine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution (DE 016; lyophilized powder with solvent) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. We used 1.25% epinephrine ophthalmic solution as the standard drug.
A total of 253 cases were subjected to statistical analysis, of which 125 cases belonged to the low dose group and 128 cases to the high dose group.
The therapeutic effect was judged as effective or better in 76.5% in 0.04% DE-016 group, in 76.1% in 0.1% DE-016 group and in 76.8% in epinephrine group. No statistical significance was present among the three groups. The mean value of reduction of intraocular pressure was 0.90 mmHg, 2.4lmmHg and 1.72 mmHg respectively in each group listed above. Side effects were noted in 35.4% in 0.04% DE-016 group, 52.4% in 0.1% DE-016 group and 50.0% in epine-phrine group. As regards safety, significant differences were noted among each of the 3 groups. The order of safety was 0.04% DE-016, 0.1% DE-016 and epinephrine in the decreasing order.
The subjective impression of good or better was expressed by 63.3% of patients in 0.04% DE-016 group, 62.0% in (1.1% DE-016 group and 51.1% in epinephrine group. The order of tolerance was thus 0.04% DE-016, O. 1% DE-016 and epinephrine in the decreasing order. The present findings indicate that 0.04% and 0.1% DE -016 ophthalmic solutions promises to be of value in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. They may be drugs of choice over topical epinephrine because of their better clinical effects and better tolerability.
Rinsho Ganka (Jpn J Clin Ophthalmol 40(9) : 1089-1106,1986
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