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抄録 中枢神経疾患における肛門反射消失は336名中78名,23.4%に認められた。肛門反射消失と錐体路徴候および錐体外路徴候との関係をみると,下肢錐体路徴候を有する群132名中31名,23.7%,下肢錐体外路徴候を有する群41名中7名,17.0%,両徴候のある群50名中12名,24.0%,両徴候のない群113名中28名,24.8%であり,さらに下肢錐体路徴候群中一側にのみ徴候のある26名中6名,23,1%,両側に徴候のある106名中24名,22,6%,下肢錐体外路徴候群III一側にのみ徴候のある13名中3名,23.1%,両側にある28名中14名,14.3%であった。いずれの群間にも有意の差がないことから,中枢神経疾患における肛門反射消失は錐体路系や錐体外路系と特異的な関係はないものと思われる。肛門反射消失と肛門周囲知覚障害との関係をみると,肛門反射消失は知覚障害のある群81名中33名,40.7%に,知覚障害のない群255名中45名,17.6%にみられ,前者で有意に多くみられた。以上から中枢神経系内の肛門反射の反射弓は求心路は表在知覚系と密に関係し,遠心路は錐体路,錐体外路とほとんど関係をもたず,別の系である可能性が考えられる。
The anal reflex was examined electromyographi-cally in 336 patients with central nervous system disease. The absence of anal reflex was found in a total of 78 patients. The incidence of the absence of anal reflex was 31 over 132 (23.7%) in the patients with pyramidal signs in lower extremities, 7 over 41 (17.0%) in patients with extrapyramidalsigns in lower extremities, 12 over 50 (24.0%) in patients with both signs and 28 over 113 (24.8%) in patients without both signs. Further incidence of the absence of anal reflex was 6 over 26 (23.1 %) in patients with unilateral pyramidal signs, 24 over 106 (22.6%) in patients with bilateral pyramidal signs, 3 over 13 (23.1%) in patients with unilateral extrapyramidal signs and 4 over 28 (14.3%) in patients with bilateral extrapyra-midal signs. There was no statistical difference among the above groups, therefore the absence of anal reflex appeared to have no specific relation-ship to pyramidal or extrapyramidal signs.
On the other hand, the incidence of the absence of anal reflex was 33 over 81 (40.7%) in patients with and 45 over 255 (17.6%) in patients without disturbance of light touch and/or pinprick in sacral area. The incidence of the former is statis-tically higher than that of the latter. Therefore we may conclude that the central afferent arch of the anal reflex has a strong relationship to superficial sensory tract, but the central efferent arch has almost no ccnnection with pyramidal or extrapyramidal tracts.
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