癲癇腦波に對するアトロピンの作用

On the action of atropin sulfate on the electroencephalogram of epileptic patients

　最近，中枢神経系に於ても，アセチールコリン（Ach．が化学伝導物質として重要な意義を有する事が明らかにされ．（8,9）中枢神経系におけるAch．代謝の問題に関する研究も多い。（1,2,3,4，5,6,7,8,9，）癲癇でも，腦脊髓液のAch．の増量，（10,11,12）癲癇発作焦点の実験的作成によるヒョリンエンテラーゼ代謝の異常（13,16）を証明した報告がある。又抗痙攣たとへば5-phenyl-5-ethyl-barbi uric acid　（phenobarbita1），　55-di-phenylhydantoin　（Aleviatin）或は35,5-trime-thyl-oxazolidine-2.4-dione　（minoaleviatin）などの奏効機転をAch-chE代謝と関聯せしめんとする研究もある（14,15,17）。EEGについては，Achを直接大腦皮質に作用せしめて観察した報告（20,28,32），Achを分解するchEの作用を抑制する抗chE剤たとへばdi-isopropyl-fluoropho-sphate （DFP）などにょる間接的方法による報告（21,22,23）があり，Achによる騒腦波の変化が癲癇腦波に類似してゐる点を指摘してゐる。

　以上の報告の如く，Ach代謝の異常が癲癇にあり，EEGでも癲癇のそれと，AchによるEEGの変化がAch代謝の異常から説明出来るといふならば，癲癇のEEG変化は抗Ach剤たるアトロピンで著明な改善をみなければならない。著者はこの面から癲癇に対する，臨床的効果，腦波に対する作用について，アトロピンの効果を検討した。臨床的観察に就ては別に報告する予定である。

Not a few reports have been made veryfing the the significant role of the disturbance of Acetylcholine metabolism in the pathogenesis of epileptogenetic seizures and this epileptogene-tic action was discussed on the basis of follow-ing facts:

(1) There exists close resemblance of EEG pattern between epileptic patients and experi-mental animals on which Ach. or anti-chE. prepa-rate is applied.

(2) Superfluous Ach. is found in the c. s. f. tapped from epileptic patients. Disturbances in Ach. -chE. system are found in experimental epileptic states.

(3) Ach. has comulsant action pharmacologi-cally.

The author comfirmed in the other experi-ments to be published that disturbances of Ach. metabolism were found in the c. s. f. tap-ped from the epileptics and the psychopathics after electroshock therapy.

In this paper, EEG. of the epileptics in the course of atropine therapy were analysed and the role of Ach. in epileptogenesis was discussed.

If Ach. plays primary role in epileptogenesis, it is evpected that atropine could normalize prominently the abnormal pattern of the EEG. of epileptic patients, considering the potent antagonistic effects of atropine against Ach. applied directly on cerebral cortex or anti-chE. preparate administered by percutaneous route. According to author's data, atropine improved the abnormality of the epileptic's EEG. in some degree but not so prominently as suggesting the leading role of Ach. in epileptogenesis. The author attributed the atropine effects partly to its antagonistic action against super-fluous Ach. released in CNS as the result of seizure, clinical or subclinical. That is, Ach, plays some epileptogenetic role as the circulus vitiosus factor. Author's other data to be published also suggest this mechanism to be possible.