ペンタゾール（Pentamethylentetrazol）による癲癇の腦波的及び臨床的賦活

Activation of Epileptic Disorders with Pentazol.

（一）緒論

　腦波は癲癇の診斷上有力な手がかりであるが，Gibbs^（1）その他の報告に見る通り本法とても萬全ではない。腦波的診斷をより正確にする方法は2通りある。その一つは腦長波記録装置を改良して，多くの場所から同時に而も時間の記録を行つて，短時間しか起きない異常放電をも逃さず描記する方法であつて，諸外國で既に實用せらている多要素のインク描記式装置は此の目的を滿足せしむるものである。その二は腦波賦活法の利用であつて，癲癇腦波のみを特異的に賦活して比較的短時間の記録で診斷の目的を達せしめる方法である。さて，我が國の腦波研究の現状を見ると，装置の改良は腦波協議會の研究指導により着々進んではいるものの，なお1〜2年は現在の装置を使用せねばならぬことであろう。

　著者は現在用いられている1〜2 Elementのオツシログラフを使用する装置で，出來る限り癲癇診斷を正確にする爲に腦波賦活法の研究を行つた。

Electrcencephalographic and clinical responses to Pentazol (Pentamethylentetrazol) were studied in 60 epileptic patients and in 41 control subjects for the purpose of reexamining the results which had been reported by Walker, and Cure, Rasmussen and Jasper. Control subjects included 21 relation of epileptic patients, 10 patiens who suffered from brain or skullinjuries without epileptic seizure, and 10 normal subjects. Two medes of admini-stration of Pentazol were adopted, i. e., rapid intravenous injection of 10% solution and slow intravenous injection of 2% solution at the rate of 100 mg per minute. The dose of Pentazol waslimitted under 200 mg in each case.

The principal results may be summarized as follows:

A Clinical responses

1. Clinical epileptic seizures were induced only in 45% of epileptic patients and in 14% of their relatives.

2. Clinical epileptic seizures were induced in 100% of petit mal patients, in 80% of psychomotor, in 41% of grand mal and 12% of Jacksonian epilepsy.

B Electroencephalographic responses 1. Epileptiform discharge was observed in EEG of 90% of epileptic patients (52% in the plain tracing) and 48% of their rela- tives. (24% in the plain tracing), but activative effect on the EEG of the other control subjects was scarcely found.

2. Focal epileptic discharge which had been found in 13% of epileptic patients in the plain tracing, increased to 43% in the activated EEG.

3. By this method, electroencephalographic foci were demonstrated in high percentage (70~80%) corresponding to the expected foci clinically.

4. Slow intravenous injection of 2% solution of Pentazol was better than rapid injection of 10% solution for the clinical or electro- encephalographic diagnosis of epilepsy.