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Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Heterogeneity of Microglial Activation: Can inhibition of microglial activation treat various neuropsychiatric disorders? Sadayuki HASHIOKA 1 , Patrick L McGeer 2 , Tsuyoshi MIYAOKA 1 , Rei WAKE 1 , Jun HORIGUCHI 1 1Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan 2Kinsmen Laboratory of Neurological Research, University of British Columbia Keyword: Neuropsychiatric disorders , Activated microglia , Neurotoxicity , Neuroinflammation pp.1011-1017
Published Date 2014/12/15
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1405204065
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 Microglial activation is one of common pathological findings observed in lesions of diverse neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease and multiple sclerosis. In the 1980's immunohistochemical studies using anti-MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class Ⅱ antibodies identified activated microglia in postmortem brains of neurodegenerative diseases. From 2000 onward, the microglial activation in brain of patients with neurodegenerative diseases has been demonstrated by PET (positron emission tomography) studies employing PK11195, a tracer of peripheral benzodiazepine receptors. Moreover, activated microglial have recently been implicated not only in neurodegenerative diseases, but also in endogenous psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and mood disorders, whose common pathological findings were never identified. Consequently, it is tempting to wonder if inhibition of microglial activation can radically treat and/or prevent a broad spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders. This review article discusses the question from the prospective of heterogeneity of microglial activation.


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電子版ISSN 1882-126X 印刷版ISSN 0488-1281 医学書院

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