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pp.926-932
Published Date 2025/10/15
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.036851870890100926

 Recently, prevention of heat-related mortality has emerged as a public concern. In this study, we hypothesized that mass vulnerability to high ambient temperatures may depend on various social factors and may be related to the increase in heat-related deaths over time. We conducted a retrospective epidemiological study to confirm the hypothesis.

 The subjects were deaths in Osaka City during the hot months(mean monthly temperature>23℃)of 1994-2003 and 2014-2023. Poisson regression was used in the analysis to evaluate the relative risk(RR)per 1℃ for the two decades. When stratified by procedure type, the degree of increase in RR between decades was greater for medical examiner cases(1.025-fold)than for clinical diagnosis cases. Furthermore, compared to natural deaths, the difference in RR increase between decades was significant only for non-natural deaths(1.103-fold). In addition, the largest category of cause of non-natural death was ‘death of unknown cause’(66.4%)which is nearly solitary deaths.

 Moreover, when stratifying medical examiner cases during hot months in 2012-2023 by living alone or cohabitation, the RR for living alone was significantly larger(1.022-fold)than for living with a cohabitant.

 In Osaka City, the heat-related mortality has increased over time due to the mass vulnerability to high ambient temperatures caused by social isolation, suggesting that it has been affected by demographic changes such as the increase in the population of living alone. This study suggests that heat-related mortality can be effectively prevented through strategies to address social isolation among living alone elderly.


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電子版ISSN 1882-1170 印刷版ISSN 0368-5187 医学書院

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