胸部（肺）領域―心血管は除く

Chest CT basic signs in pulmonary diseases

胸部のCT画像は，様々な肺疾患の診断において重要な役割を果たしている。本稿では，特に肺野領域CTに関して，日常診療において画像診断医が知っておくべきサインを，肺野・気道・血管・胸膜に分けて，それぞれ例を挙げて解説する。これらの中には，疾患に比較的特異的なものもあれば，鑑別診断を絞り込むのに役立つものもあるが，必ずしも1対1対応ではないことに注意されたい。

CT imaging of the chest plays an important role in the diagnosis of various pulmonary diseases. Examples of CT signs in the pulmonary diseases that radiologists need to know in routine practice are described in the present essay. The chest CT signs can be categorized into four groups：parenchymal, airway, vascular, and pleural-based signs. It should be noted that some of these are specific to a disease, whereas others help narrow the differential diagnosis. It is very important to know and recognize the signs of characteristic CT findings, not only for diagnosis but also to exclude other diseases. A pattern recognition approach with the appropriate clinical and laboratory findings will certainly help in the diagnosis.