看護診断推進からみた疼痛ケアの現状と課題

The Current Situation of Pain Care and the Tasks Considered from the View of Promoting Nursing Diagnosis

　看護診断〈疼痛〉は臨床において上位を占める診断ラベルである．本研究の目的は疼痛ケアの現状を調査し，看護診断推進の視点からその課題を検討することにある．K県内の総合病院で救急病院である病院に勤務する看護婦長208名を対象に質問紙調査を行い，次のような結果と示唆を得た．1）疼痛の原因は癌による疼痛が1位で，ケアしていくうえでは困難なことが多い．その1つに，疼痛ケアは医療チームのなかで行われる共同的なケアで，医師の姿勢にかなりの影響を受けている．2）看護診断〈疼痛〉を推進していくには，アセスメントと看護介入面に，より研鑚の余地がある．このようなことを踏まえ，疼痛に関する多岐にわたる研究を行い，それらを活用していく必要がある．

　The nursing diagnosis of pain takes high frequency in clinic. The purpose of the present research was to investigate the current situation of pain care and to discuss the tasks considered from the view of promoting nursing diagnosis. The result and the suggestions obtained from the questionnaire in 208 head nurses working at the general or emergency hospitals in K prefecture are as follows. 1) Among factors relative to pain the cancer ranked first. Cancerous pain brought many troubles in nursing care. One of them was that pain care was a collaborative care that a medical team was confront with and was influenced by doctors' attitudes to a greater extent. 2) There is room for studying in the assessment and the nursing intervention to promote nursing diagnosis. Therefore, extensive study and flexible application are required in the basic research on pain.