失語症者における名詞と動詞産生について―Broca失語とWernicke失語の比較

About Noun and Verb Generation in Aphasia : Comparison of Broca's Aphasia and Wernicke's Aphasia

　失語症者における名詞産生と動詞産生との関連を検討した．Broca失語158名，Wernicke失語160名を対象とし，①各失語型における名詞と動詞産生の障害程度，②その継時的変動，③名詞，動詞産生時の各誤反応の出現数について，④動詞の種類による成績差についての4項目について分析した．結果は，Broca失語例の多くは動詞産生が名詞産生に比べ，Wernicke失語例の多くは名詞産生が動詞産生に比べて障害程度が重い傾向を示した．その名詞，動詞の障害程度の差は継時的変動を示さなかった．名詞と動詞の誤反応出現数について，両失語型の名詞および動詞障害型各群間の多重比較にて有意差を認めた．以上より，失語型と名詞および動詞産生障害の程度の差は一定の傾向を示し，名詞と動詞産生過程は互いに独立して存在している可能性が示唆された．

　We compared the performance on noun and verb picture naming tasks in two aphasia types.　The subjects were 158 Broca's aphasics and 160 Wernicke's aphasics, and the results were analyzed in terms of the following four points : ① the degree of impairment for nouns and verbs for each of the aphasia types, ② the change over time in the difference between noun and verb impairment, ③ the types and frequencies of error responses in the "noun impaired group" and the "verb impaired group" of the two aphasia types, ④ the influence of verb types on the verb naming performance.　Our results show that many of the Broca's aphasics showed greater impairment in verbs than nouns, while many of the Wernicke's aphasics showed greater impairment in nouns than verbs.　The difference between noun and verb impairment did not change over time.　Multiple comparisons of error patterns in the noun impaired and the verb impaired groups in each aphasia type showed significant differences between nouns and verbs.　Therefore, it was thought that the production processes for nouns and the verbs exist independently of each other.