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A Case of Malignant Transformation of Epidermoid Cyst with Cerebrospinal Fluid Dissemination Yuuki SUEMATSU 1 , Go TAKEISHI 2 , Kiyotaka YOKOGAMI 2 , Hisao UEHARA 2 , Toshihiro GI 3 , Atsushi YAMASHITA 3 , Yuichiro SATO 4 , Hideo TAKESHIMA 2 1Department of Neurosurgery, Miyazaki Prefectural Nichinan Hospital 2Divison of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki 3Division of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki 4Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki Keyword: epidermoid cyst , squamous cell carcinoma , malignant transformation , CSF dissemination pp.509-514
Published Date 2018/6/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1436203760

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  • Abstract
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 An epidermoid cyst is a benign tumor, accounting for 0.2-1.8% of all brain tumors. Histologically, an epidermoid cyst has a wall consisting of squamous epithelium with keratinization and without skin components. An epidermoid cyst tends to develop in the cerebellopontine angle(CPA), middle cranial fossa, pituitary fossa, spinal cord, and other locations. We describe a rare case of malignant transformation of an epidermoid cyst with cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)dissemination.

 A 54-year-old man was referred to our hospital with chief complaints of dysesthesia of the right leg, persisting for 6 months, and dizziness and dysarthria for 2 months. Magnetic resonance(MR)imaging showed multiple neoplastic lesions with lobulated margins in the left frontal and temporal lobes, left cerebellum, right brainstem, and right CPA. Diffusion-weighted imaging showed a hyperintense cord-like lesion in the right CPA. Blood examination revealed squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)antigen positivity;however, systemic examination revealed no neoplastic lesion, except for the head lesion. Intracranial lesions were considered unlikely to be metastatic brain tumors. We performed surgical removal of the tumor in the left CPA via a left lateral suboccipital craniotomy. The histopathological diagnosis was SCC.

 MR imaging for the headache was taken at another hospital 2 years before the surgery, revealed an epidermoid cyst in the right CPA. The current MR imaging showed enhancement in part of the epidermoid cyst in the right CPA, strongly suggesting that the epidermoid cyst in the right CPA had disseminated to the left frontal and temporal lobes, left cerebellum, and right brainstem via the CSF.


Copyright © 2018, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-1251 印刷版ISSN 0301-2603 医学書院

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