視神経脊髄炎治療薬

Therapeutic Strategies for Neuromyelitis Optica

視神経脊髄炎（neuromyelitis optica：NMO）の急性期治療にはステロイドパルス治療，血漿浄化療法，免疫グロブリン大量静注療法などを用いる。再発予防には従来プレドニゾロンやアザチオプリンなどの経口免疫抑制薬が用いられていたが，近年エクリズマブ，サトラリズマブ，イネビリズマブ，リツキシマブなどの生物学的製剤の適用が承認された。

Abstract

Treatments for acute attacks of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) include steroid pulse therapy, plasma exchange, and intravenous immunoglobulin. Oral immunosuppressants, such as prednisolone and azathioprine, have also been used to prevent relapse. Recently, biologic agents such as eculizumab, satralizumab, inebilizumab, and rituximab have been approved for use in Japan. Although side effects caused by steroid therapy have been issues for patients in the past, active use of the newly approved biologics is expected to help patients avoid the adverse effects of steroids and improve their qualities of life.