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Neuro-neutrophilic Disease and Dementia Kinya Hisanaga 1 1Departments of Neurology and Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization, Miyagi Hospital Keyword: 神経好中球病 , 神経ベーチェット病 , 神経スウィート病 , ヒト白血球抗原 , インターロイキン , neuro-neutrophilic disease , neuro-Behçet disease , neuro-Sweet disease , human leukocyte antigen , interleukin pp.353-364
Published Date 2016/4/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1416200405

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Abstract

Neuro-neutrophilic diseases are multisystem inflammatory disorders that include neuro-Behçet and neuro-Sweet disease. These disorders ectopically damage the nervous system due to the abnormal chemotaxis of neutrophils. The neutrophils' chemotaxis is induced by oral muco-cutaneous bacterial infections and the dysregulation of cytokines, including interleukins. The frequencies of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B51 in neuro-Behçet disease and HLA-B54 as well as Cw1 in neuro-Sweet disease significantly higher than the levels present in Japanese normal controls. Notably, their frequencies are also higher in patients exhibiting neurological complications than in patients without neurological complications. These HLA types are considered risk factors that are directly related to the etiology of these diseases. Prednisolone and colchicine, which suppress neutrophil activation, are used to treat the acute phase of both diseases. Alternatively, dapsone is prescribed to prednisolone-dependent recurrent cases of neuro-Sweet disease. Dementia is a neurological symptom of these disorders, especially in the chronic progressive subtype of neuro-Behçet disease. Other immunosuppressant drugs, including methotrexate and infliximab, are administered to patients with the chronic progressive type of neuro-Behçet disease. Neuro-neutrophilic diseases are a form of dementia considered treatable.


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電子版ISSN 1344-8129 印刷版ISSN 1881-6096 医学書院

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