精神分裂病におけるマロンニトリール投与時の臨床的観察—脳代謝異常と精神機能の関連性考究の一劃

A Clinical Observation of "malononitrile" Administration to Schizophrenia

I．緒言

　古くから理論的に，又実際的な立場から，神経細胞中に含まれている核酸量や蛋白質量が化学的物質によつて影響をうけるかどうかという問題を追究することは，非常に興味のあることであつた。

　此の点に関して，Hydén及びReutenskiöldは1944年から検索を進めマロン酸のヂニトリル即ち，マロンニトリールCH₂2（CN）₂が此の要求を満たす物質であることを発見した。（第1図）彼等は，マロンニトリールを体重1kg当り4mg家兎に静注すると，選択的に神経細胞にだけ核酸と蛋白質量の増加を示し，投与後1時間で最高に達し，投与前の量の2乃至3倍になることが，紫外線顕微鏡と顕微分光測光法によつて確認し得たと述べている。

The purpose of our observation was to examine the toxic reaction induced by "Malo-nonitrile" on the one hand and, on the othor, to make a critical study of the opinion of Hydén and Hartelius.

The drug was used in schizophrenic patie-nts in which usual shock therapy had not been tried before or had been tried without any effect. The patients selected were com-paratively young (18-24) and had no organic disease. The method of medication was int-ravenous injection of freshly prepared solu-tion of the agent. The dosage was 5 mg. per kilogram. Clinical observation after the injection was continued for about an hour unless severe vomiting occurred. The noted toxic symptoms consist of flushing, vague feeling of discomfort, restlessness, headache, slight or severe chills, nausea, tachycardia with palpitation, dizziness, extreme restle-ssness and occasional vomiting, etc. Toxic manifestations were controlled by the admi-nistration of 20 cc. of 10% sodium thiosul-fate solution given intravenously an hour later. Thereby all toxic symptoms were usu-ally caused to disapper within 5-10 minutes.