頭部外傷後遺症の腦波的研究

Electroencephalographic Studies on the Cases with Postconcussional Syndrome

I．緒言

　頭部外傷後の脳波に関しては既に内外に於て多くの業蹟が発表されており，徐波活動の局在，αリズムの抑圧等の出現が云われているが，これらは頭部外傷後の急性期，殊に外傷直後に硬膜外，硬膜下血腫等手術的療法の対象となるものを発見，その局在を知らんとする目的で行われたものが多いのである。然るに神経精神科臨床に於て接する頭部外傷患者は，受傷後数カ月乃至数年の経過を経たもので，受傷後引続いて又は一時無症状に経過した後に，諸種の神経症状を訴える所謂頭部外傷後遺症と称すべき性質のものであつて，実際問題としてそれらの神経症状が，外傷そのものによつて生じた脳の器質的変化によるものであるか，又は神経症等にその原因の大部を求めるべきであるかを決定するのに，困難である場合が多いのである。これらの患者に対しては気脳写始め諸種の機能検査等を行つて，その器質的変化の程度を探求しているのであるが，特にその脳波所見に就いてはその研究も少く，又定見も立てられていない現状であり，著者の1人泉は第8回日本精神々経学会中国四国地方会に於て，これに関する発表を行つたが，今回は更に症例を加えて茲に報告する次第である。

Here were studied electroencephalographica-lly the cases with post-concussional syndro-me. Studied cases were seen in the own De-partment during about 1 year ; number of ca-ses 58 and number of recording 71. All cases were suffering from head injuries of various causes in the past dating from few days to many years ago, having yet many complaints and symptoms, for instance, headache, dizz-iness-, tinnitus, hemiparesis, seizure etc.

EEG recording showed many abnormalities in relatively high degree in 69%, and abnormal findings consisted of the fast activities (many of them with low voltage), high voltage spikes and or slow waves and asymmetry of frequency and amplitude. And the following results were obtained conclusively.

1) The cases of which injuries and complaints were slight (and their complaints were supposed scarcely to be based on organic changes due to brain-injuries) showed few abnomalities in EEG.

2) The cases, of which complaints and inju-ries were not slight (and their complaints were supposed to be based on organic changes) show-ed manifold abnomalities in EEG, but there were remarkable relationships between the de-gree of complaints and sympotmes and the EEG findings.

3) In a few cases, there was observed the decrease of abnormal findings in EEG as the symptoms was improved.