病的賭博120症例の臨床背景の後方視調査

Clinical Features of 120 Pathological Gamblers：A retrospective chart review

抄録

　2005年10月より3年間に，当院で病的賭博と診断²³⁾した120名の臨床背景を後方視的に実態調査した。平均年齢は，初賭博19.6歳で，問題賭博29.5歳であり，初診時は42.6歳であった。特に男性の初賭博で18歳未満が63.4％あったのは注目される。主な賭博では，パチンコとスロットで93.3％を占めた。学歴，離婚率，喫煙率が，一般より高い傾向を認めた。初診時債務は297.9万円で，債務累積は1,457.9万円で，15.0％が自己破産していた。自殺未遂既往歴を8.3％(10名)で認めた。自殺未遂方法は，その7割が大量服薬か自傷であった。また注目すべき点として，交通外傷既往率の高さ17.5％(21名)があり，病的賭博者には生来の注意欠陥傾向が存在するのではないかと推察された。

　We retrospectively analyzed the clinical features of 120 pathological gamblers (104 men and 16 women) treated consecutively at Gannosu Hospital during 3 years, from October 2005 to September 2008. The mean age when they started gambling, the mean age when they started borrowing money for gambling, and the mean age at the time of the study were 19.6, 29.5, and 42.6 years, respectively. The mean age of the women was higher than that of the men. Moreover, 93.3% of the men had mainly gambled on Pachinko or slot machines, while all of the women had mainly gambled on Pachinko. The educational level, divorce rate, and smoking rate of these subjects were higher than those for the general population. Their average of current debt was \2,979,000, and their average accumulated debt due to gambling was \14,579,000. Fifteen percent of the subjects had fallen into personal bankruptcy. In addition, 8.3% of the subjects had a history of attempted suicide, and 70% had attempted suicide by drug overdose or by self-mutilation. We found a high incidence of traffic-related injuries in pathological gamblers, and this led us to speculate about the natural tendency for attention deficit in this group of people.