血清肝炎

SERUM HEPATITIS

Ⅰ．まえがき

　血清肝炎は近年，手術適応範囲の拡大，血液銀行の発達などにより大量輸血が行なわれるようになってから急激に増加し，社会的にも大きな問題となったことは周知のことである．しかも無黄疸型がかなり多くみられ，流行性肝炎に比して慢性化の傾向がつよい点も注目すべきである．

　さらに治療についても決定的なものがなく，治癒判定についても極めて慎重に行なう必要があり，ことに遷延慢性例のとりあつかい方が問題となってくる．

　The rate of occurrence of serum hepatitis does not show a remarkable decrease despite thed onation is the main source of blood nowadays. It is because that there is no decisive method for the inactivation of virus and screeing of silent carrier. The rate of chronicity of serum hepatitis is rather high and a few per cent of the patients shift to liver cirrhosis. The prognosis of the patient is not always good. There is not decisive treatment either because no anti viral drug is found. Bed rest, diet and drug therapy are the main treatments. To take care of the protracted patient is also an important problem. These problems will be solved if the hepatitis virus is separted and identified. In this sense, it is very interesting to know that Deinhardt et al. induced chemical and morphological hepatic disease in Marmosets by innoculation of human serums or plasmas obtained during the early acute phase of viral hepatitis and this may become the starting point for the solution of this ploblem.

　There is no specific serum reaction for viral hepatitis. According to the experiment undertaken by using red blood cell agglutination of rhesus monkey and day-old chick, as nonspecific serum reaction, acute hepatitis showed 60 to 70 per cent positive reaction. But this reaction is not only specific to the viral hepatitis. The nature of this reaction was also referenced.