娘の出産に立ち会った実母のナラティブ

Narratives of Mothers Present at the Birth of Their Daughter's Baby

要旨

目的

　娘の出産に立ち会った実母が経験した出来事の意味および経緯を明らかにし、必要な看護援助への示唆を得る。

対象と方法

　実母立ち会いのもとに経膣分娩し母児共に経過良好である女性の母親11名を対象に、非構造化面接法により娘の妊娠判明から出産終了までの出来事を順に語ってもらい、語りの内容を質的記述的に分析した。

結果

　研究参加者の語りから、12のカテゴリーと娘の出産の「準備」「支援」「評価」という3つの段階から成るプロセス構造が導出された。研究参加者は、出産前の「準備の段階」において、【娘の心身の状態】や【娘のためという思い】から、【立ち会いに臨む姿勢】をもち、【自己と娘の妊娠・出産の相互参照】をしつつ【娘にとってよい出産を迎える準備】を行っていた。出産中の「支援の段階」においては、【自己と娘の妊娠・出産の相互参照】をしつつ、【立ち会いに臨む姿勢】をもち【娘の頑張る姿に直面することに伴う感情】を抱きながら、【助産師や医師による支援】を受けて【頑張る娘への支援】を行い、出産直後の「評価の段階」において、準備・支援の段階の経験及び【自己と娘の妊娠・出産の相互参照】を通して、【娘の出産の肯定】と共に【自己の母親アイデンティティの強化】や【母親としての娘の成長】及び【孫の存在感の増大】を認識していた。

結論

　研究参加者は、自己の妊娠・出産体験と娘の状況を照合しつつ、娘にとってよい出産への準備と支援、及びそれらの評価を行うことを通して、自己の母親・祖母意識を高めていた。実母立ち会い出産における看護援助への示唆として、実母の心情や出産体験への配慮が必要であると考えられた。

Purpose

To clarify the meaning and process of events experienced by mothers present at the delivery of their daughter's baby and draw implications for providing necessary nursing assistance.

Participants and method

Unstructured interviews were conducted with 11 mothers of women who experienced a vaginal delivery with favorable outcomes for mother and child. These mothers were present at the birth of their daughter's baby. The mothers were asked to describe their experiences during their daughter's childbirth, from finding out about their daughter's pregnancy to the day of the childbirth. Qualitative descriptive analysis was used to examine the content of their narratives.

Results

The narratives allowed us to discover a particular process structure that consists of 12 categories and three stages: "preparation," "support," and "evaluation" for their daughter's childbirth. In the "preparation stage," the mothers developed an [intention to attend the birth] based on their [daughter's mental and physical condition] and their [desire to help the daughter], and while [drawing comparisons between their own and their daughter's pregnancy and childbirth], the mothers made [preparations for securing a good childbirth for their daughters]. In the "support stage" during the birth, while [drawing comparisons between their own and their daughter's pregnancy and childbirth], the mothers maintained their [intention to attend the birth], and while experiencing [emotions that arise upon witnessing the daughter's exertion], the mothers [supported their daughter in her effort] while receiving [support from the nurse, midwives, and the doctor]. In the "evaluation stage" immediately after the birth, through their experiences in the preparation and support stages and by [drawing comparisons between their own and their daughter's pregnancy and childbirth], the mothers [affirmed their daughter's childbirth] and perceived a [strengthening of their own identity as a mother], [their daughter's development as a mother], and a [greater presence of grandchildren].

Conclusions

When comparing the situation of their pregnancy and childbirth to that of their daughters, the participants tended to strengthen their awareness as mothers and grandmothers through the process of preparation, support, and evaluation for a favorable childbirth experience by their daughters. As a suggestion for providing nursing assistance to mothers' attending their daughters' childbirth, it is necessary to consider the mothers' feelings and experiences related to childbirth.