看護倫理に関する教育的支援が看護学生のケアの倫理的行動に与える影響

The Influence of Educational Support in Nursing Ethics on the Ethical Competence of Nursing Students' Care

要旨

　目的：看護倫理に関する教育的支援が看護学生のケアの倫理的行動に与える影響を明らかにし，科学的かつ効果的な看護倫理教育の示唆を得る．

　方法：全国の最終学年の看護学生4,930名に質問紙調査を実施した．はじめに，ケアの倫理的行動に関する教育的支援の因子分析を行い，妥当性と信頼性を確認した．次に，教育的支援を独立変数，ケアの倫理的行動に関する因子を従属変数とした重回帰分析を行った．

　結果：ケアの倫理的行動に関する教育的支援として4因子が抽出された．「看護学生版ケアの倫理的行動尺度」の5因子に共通して影響が認められた教育的支援の因子は，F1「講義で学生間による倫理的問題に対応できた成功体験の共有」とF3「実習で指導者による倫理的問題の分析過程でのアドバイス」とF4「患者の権利憲章」であった．

　結論：教員は，効果的な看護倫理教育を提供する上で，影響が認められた教育的支援の項目を授業設計に役立てていく必要がある．

　Aim: To clarify the influence of educational support in nursing ethics on the ethical competence of nursing students' care and obtain suggestions for scientific and effective nursing ethics education.

　Methods: A questionnaire survey was administered to 4,930 final-year nursing students in Japan. First, factor analysis of educational support for ethical competence of care was conducted to confirm validity and reliability. Next, a multiple regression analysis was performed using educational support as an independent variable and factors related to ethical competence of care as dependent variables.

　Results: Four factors were identified as educational support for ethical competence of care. The factors of the educational support for which a common influence on the five factors of “ethical competence of care scale for nursing students” was apparent were F1 “sharing of successful experiences in dealing with ethical issues among students in lectures,” F3 “advice in the process of analyzing ethical issues by instructors in the practical training,” and F4 “charter of patient rights.”

　Conclusion: In providing effective nursing ethics education, teachers need to use the items of educational support that have been found to be influential in designing classes.