手術室配置転換後5年以内の看護師の職業ストレスと職場適応およびSense of Coherenceの関連

The Relationship among Job Stress, Workplace Adaptation and Sense of Coherence of Nurses who were Relocated to Operating Room within 5 years

要旨

　目的：本研究は，手術室配置転換後5年以内の看護師のSense of Coherence（SOC）と職業ストレス，職場適応の関連を明らかにすることを目的とした．

　方法：手術室配置転換後5年以内の看護師256名を対象に，職業ストレス，SOC，職場適応に関する質問紙調査を実施した．分析では，SOCの理論に基づいて仮説を考え，構造方程式モデリングにより概念間の関連を検討した．

　結果：モデルの適合度は概ね良好であった．職業ストレスが高いほど職場適応が低いこと，SOCが高いほど職業ストレスが低く，職場適応が高いことが示され，SOCの直接効果・間接効果が示された．

　結論：手術室看護師の職場適応にSOCが関連していることが示された．手術チームの一員としての自覚の促しや手術進行への関与の意識づけなど，SOCに着目した支援により職場適応が促進される可能性が示唆された．

　Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship among job stress, workplace adaptation and sense of coherence (SOC) of nurses who were relocated to the operating room within 5 years.

　Methods: A questionnaire survey on job stress, SOC, and workplace adaptation was administered to 256 nurses within 5 years after their relocation to the operating room. In the analysis, hypotheses were considered based on the theory of SOC and structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationships between the concepts.

　Results: In total, 190 participants completed the survey questionnaire (response rate: 74.2%) and 143 responses were analyzed. The structural equation modeling fit was generally good (GFI = .942, CFI = .975, RMSEA = .061). The rate of adjustment for workplace adaptation was 71%. The pass coefficient was .68 from SOC to workplace adaptation, -.47 from SOC to job stress, and -.27 from job stress to workplace adaptation (p < .01). Higher job stress was associated with lower workplace adaptation, and higher SOC was associated with lower job stress and higher workplace adaptation.

　Conclusion: SOC was shown to be associated with workplace adaptation among operating room nurses. It was suggested that SOC-focused support, such as encouraging awareness of being part of the surgical team and involvement in surgical progression, may promote workplace adaptation.