他分野の学士号を持つ看護学生が看護基礎教育機関を選択する際の影響要素

A Survey about Factors Important to Non-Nursing Baccalaureate Degree Students When Selecting Nursing Educational Institution in Japan

要旨

　目的：看護学以外の学問領域で学士号を取得した後に看護基礎教育課程で学ぶ学生（学士号を持つ学生）の看護教育機関選択における影響要素を明らかにする．

　方法：学士および社会人入試制度を実施する大学（13校），養成所（16校），および無作為に抽出した准看護師養成所（10校）に対し，調査票1255通を配布した．606通（48.7％）が回収され，学士号を持つ学生275名，持たない学生301名による576通を有効回答とした．

　結果：学士号の有無による比較の結果，学士号を持つ看護学生の看護基礎教育機関選択に影響する要素は，「自宅から通えること」，「入試方法」であり，「自宅から通えること」は社会人経験の有無に影響を受けていた．学士号の有無に関わらず，「学費が安いこと」は大きな影響要素であった．

　結論：学士号を持つ看護学生の教育機関選択に，入試方法が大きく影響していた．彼らの看護学への参入を促進するためには，入試制度の工夫や修学支援が得られることが望ましい．

　Aims：The purpose of this study was to clarify what factors influenced graduates with non-nursing majors (bachelor's degrees in other fields) in returning to school to become nurses in their selection of the nursing educational institution.

　Methods：Purposively targeted were 13 universities and 16 nursing schools having special entrance exam system for adult and/or 2nd degree students and randomly selected were 10 vocational schools. A self-administered questionnaire survey was sent to a total of 1255 students from those schools. Returned were 606 (48.3%), of those 576 were useable representing 275 nursing students with bachelor's degrees and 301 students without bachelor's degree.

　Results：Among the influential reasons extracted for school selections were: “possible to commute from home” and “suitable entrance exam system.” Of high importance for employed students was: “possible to commute from home.” Regardless of the presence of the bachelor's degree, “smaller school expenses” was a big influencing element.

　Conclusion：Entry of students with various knowledge bases may strongly contribute to nursing. The entrance exam system greatly influenced their selection of the educational institution. Transformation of the entrance exam system and provision of social and economical support are needed to promote the entry of these more mature and experienced learners into nursing.