ICNP®看護実践国際分類を用いた看護行為の記録の可能性および問題に関する検討

Feasibility and Problems on Description of Nursing Practice with ICNP®

要旨

　わが国の看護行為がICNP^®によりどのように記述できるかを検証し，記述の際の問題点を明らかにするとともに，ICNP^®導入に向けた課題について検討した．

　研究方法は，看護行為用語分類（日本看護科学学会編）に収録されている用語のうち，「観察・モニタリング」「基本的生活行動の援助」「身体機能への直接的働きかけ」の3領域94語のICNP^®表現構成ガイドラインに基づく記述と結果の検証である．

　結果として，ICNP^®により約70％の看護行為用語の内容をほぼ的確に表現でき，ICNP^®による記述の実用性が示唆される一方で，ICNP^®では抽象的な表現しかできなかったものが約20％，看護行為用語の一部の内容しか表現できなかったものが約10％あり，ICNP^®用語の不足が示された．さらに，清拭など看護として重要な行為用語が端的に記述できないなど，用語の追加の必要性や軸の定義とその使い方などの検討課題が明らかとなった．

Abstract

　The purpose of this study was to examine how nursing practice in Japan can be described with the International Classification for Nursing Practice （ICNP^®） and to review the problem of introduction of the ICNP^® to Japanese nursing.

　Ninety-four terms for nursing activity were described according to the guidelines for creating ICNP^® statements. They consisted of three domains; “Observation and/or Monitoring,” “Support for activities of daily living,” and “Approach to the physical function” in the Classification of Nursing Practice by Japan Academy of Nursing Science.

　Results were as follows: 1） about 70% of the terms were successfully expressed with ICNP^®. This shows the feasibility of introducing ICNP^® to describe nursing activity in Japan. On the other hand, 2） about 20% of those terms could express things only very abstractly; for example, “assist （action） and elimination （focus）” could not be used to narrow down the tools or means of assistance. 3） About 10% could express only a part of nursing activities. For example, “cleaning （action） and denture （means）” could not express “denture” itself but only so as to indicate cleaning with a denture; and 4） a certain important nursing activity like “bed bath” could not be described directly.

　These results indicate the necessity of further investigation of additional important terms and a review of the definition and how to use the axes of ICNP^®.