看護実践のターミノロジーにおける問題点と課題—平成8・9・10年度日本看護科学学会看護学学術用語検討委員会活動報告をもとに

Identification of Problems in Developing a Terminology System of Nursing Practice

はじめに

　個々の看護婦が行なっている看護実践行為をもっと明確な概念として確立し，それを表す用語および用語体系を創出する試みとして，国際的にはアイオワ大学を中心とするプロジェクトがNursing Intervention Classificationを開発してきている^1）。この動きは，これまで個人的な経験や技として語られることの多かった看護実践行為を，目に見える共通の知として語り蓄積するという方向性を国際的に打ち出したという点で大きく評価されるべきである。

　一方で，もっと個別的でより詳細な検討として，看護婦たちの実践を研究したベナーの秀逸な業績がある^2）。ベナーはその著書のなかで，看護婦の実践を裏づける臨床知として，法則的で抽象的な原理だけでなく個別具体的な知やコンテキスト依存型の関係的な知の必要性を説いている^3）。

　Based upon the results of a research study on nursing terminology, further discussion was presented in this article. The study was conducted for the purpose of identifying terminology system used by clinical nurses. 68 nurses were interviewed and asked to describe what they did for a patient they had cared during a half-day sift of their practice. The identified labels of nursing practice were 433 items, which were classified into 40 categories and put under primary analysis. The results were going to be reported.

　The deliberation of the results of this primary analysis leads the authors to make further discussion and to offer the following suggestions.

　1) It is necessary to develop a terminology system with additional modifiers, which would make it possible to describe each nursing practice in more concrete and specific ways.

　2) Terminology to describe nursing practices should be combined with nursing diagnoses or nursing outcomes in order to include the contexts and multiplex structures of practices.

　3) The classification system should be developed considering the complexity and multi-stratification of nursing practice.