仮設住宅入居高齢者が認識する生活課題の検討

Identification of the older adults' challenges of daily living in a temporary housing after the disaster

要旨：本研究の目的は，東日本大震災後の応急仮設住宅に入居する高齢者が認識する生活課題を分析し，生活課題の特徴および健康関連QOLとの関連を明らかにすることである．生活課題の聴取には，作業に関する自己評価改訂版を用いた．その結果，余暇に関わる生活課題と健康関連QOLの精神的側面は相関関係が認められること，性別によって認識する生活課題は異なることが明らかになった．男性では余暇に関する生活課題を認識する者が多く，女性では作業における自己の有効感に関する生活課題を認識する者が多かった．本研究の結果より，作業療法の視点から支援すべき仮設住宅入居高齢者の生活課題が示された．

　The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between HRQOL and the challenges of daily living which recognized the older adults in a temporary housing after the disaster, and to clarify the characteristics of the challenges. We used Occupational Self Assessment, ver.2 to evaluate the challenges of daily living. As a result, there was a correlation between the challenges of daily living and HRQOL. And the challenges of daily living differed by gender, the challenges related to leisure were recognized in men, and the challenges related to the effective use of one's abilities were recognized in women. The results of present study clearly showed that the challenges of daily living of elderly in a temporary housing should be supported from the viewpoint of occupational therapy.