介護老人保健施設入所者における標準型車いすへの簡易シーティングの必要性

Necessity of supportive seating designed for standard wheelchairs for the residents in the facility of health care services for the elderly

要旨：介護老人保健施設において，標準型車いすでの座位姿勢の崩れによって，車いすからの転落など安全面の問題と同時に，食事動作やその他の上肢活動など様々な能力低下を引き起こしている入所者がいた．この症例に対し，標準型車いすでの座位姿勢の改善方法の一つである簡易シーティングを実施した．その結果，車いすからの転落の危険性回避，食事動作など生活場面での動作改善が見られた．本症例に対する簡易シーティング実践は，本人・家族のみならず施設の職員全体が個別のシーティングの必要性・有用性を考えるきっかけとなった．今回，簡易シーティングで症例に対応できたこと，それが施設に及ぼした影響と今後の課題について検討したので報告する．

　At a residents' facility of health care services for the elderly, a resident had safety issues such as falling off a standard wheelchair seat, as well as experiencing ability degradation in daily activities such as eating behavior. To solve these problems, we temporarily and experimentally attached a handmade supportive seat to a standard wheelchair to improve seating posture. As a result, the risk of falling from the wheelchair was avoided, and the body movements in daily life, such as eating behavior, were improved. The application of supportive seating to this case gave all care staff as well as the resident and her family members an opportunity to think about the necessity and usefulness of individual seating.

　In this report, the results of the application of supportive seating to this case, the effects of the application, and the review of the future issues are described.