非構成的評価法の確かさに影響する条件とは何か

What are the conditions that affect the dependability of unstructured assessments?

要旨：目的は，非構成的評価法（以下，UA）の確かさに影響する条件を明らかにすることである．2段階のデルファイ法を用い，第1段階は作業療法士（以下，OTR）18名から31のUAを収集し，第2段階は熟練OTR16名，新人OTR10名が31のUAを評定した．3項目が両群共「同意できる」で，理由は実際に作業を行い語りが変化したとされた．2項目は両群共「同意できない」で，理由は事実と結論が飛躍したとされた．26項目は熟練群と新人群で結果が異なった．両群共同意の条件は，作業遂行を通して変化した語りから作業有能性を評価し，推論過程の省略が少なく暗黙の前提を共有できることと考えられた．これを踏まえUAの概念モデルを提示した．

　The purpose of this study was to clarify the conditions that affected the dependability of unstructured assessments (UA). The Delphi Method was used and it had two phases in this study. In the first phase, 31 UA items were collected from 18 occupational therapist registered (OTR). In the second phase, the 31 UA items were evaluated by 16 experienced OTR and 10 inexperienced counterparts based on the degrees of agreement. According to the results, there were 3 items that both experienced and inexperienced OTR groups showed "agreement" with the reason that model clients actually engaged in activities and clients' narratives had been improved. On the contrary, there were 2 items that both of the groups showed "disagreement" with the reason that there were illogical leaps between clients' behavior and conclusions. The other 26 items showed different results between the two groups. It was suggested that there were conditions in order to get agreement over the UA no matter how experienced OTR were. First, the contents could evaluate occupational competence from improved clients' narratives through occupational performance. Secondly, there was no logical omission in reasoning process. Lastly, OTR could easily share implicit presupposition. We proposed a conceptual model of unstructured assessments.