注意障害を伴う脳血管障害患者に対するdual task訓練の効果に関する研究

Effect of dual-task training on cerebrovascular diseased patients with attention disorders

要旨：dual task訓練は2種類の課題を同時に並行して行うことを求める訓練で，注意の制御機能（Working Memoryの中央実行系）が関与するとされる．今回dual task訓練が注意障害に及ぼす効果について検討した．対象は注意障害を伴う脳血管障害患者8例でdual task（注意と運動）訓練をABA'デザインで比較した．その結果dual task訓練後にTrail Making Test（TMT）Part BとPaced Auditory Serial Addition Taskが有意な改善を認め，Auditory Detection TestやTMT Part Aは有意差がなかった．dual task訓練を注意の特性の観点から捉えると，注意の制御機能がある程度向上したことが示唆される．

　Dual-task training requires patients to perform two tasks simultaneously. This type of training is associated with supervisory attentional control (the central executive of working memory). This study examined the effect of dual-task training on attention disorders. The subjects were eight cerebrovascular disease patients with attention disorders. An ABA design was used to measure the effects of dual-task training (attention and exercise). Following the training, participants showed significant improvement in the Trail Making Test (TMT) Part B and in the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task, but no significant differences were observed in the Auditory Detection Test or TMT Part A. From the perspective of special characteristics of attention, these findings suggest that dual-task training improves supervisory attentional control to a certain degree.