注意障害に対する簡易な認知リハビリテーションで変化がみられた1例

Improvement of attentional disorders through simple cognitive rehabilitation: A case study

要旨：注意機能は様々な認知機能の基盤であり，日常生活への影響は少なくない．今回，注意障害によって日常生活に支障をきたした慢性期の事例に対し，選択性の注意機能に焦点を当てた認知リハビリテーションを簡易な方法で実施した．課題は認知リハビリテーションの理論を基に注意障害の程度と達成意欲を考慮し，内容と時間を設定した．指示された特定の図形を円で囲う課題を1日1枚2週間実施し，課題終了後は一緒に指でなぞりながらフィードバックをして確認を行った．その結果，選択性の注意機能が改善しADLにも変化がみられた．訓練の効果がADLに汎化したと考えられる．

　As attention is considered one of the core cognitive functions, its influence on daily life is not insignificant. This case study focused on selective attention function for a patient in which daily life activities were affected by attentional disorders. Using a simple rehabilitation program which utilized Attention Process Training, the task content, length of time, level of attentional disorder and achievement desire were established. As a rehabilitation task, the patient was instructed to draw a circle around a specific figure once a day. At the completion of the task, the results were confirmed and verbal and visual feedback were provided to the patient. The rehabilitation continued for two weeks. As a result, selective attention function related to daily life improved. It is thought that this simple rehabilitation program is effective training for the improvement of ADL in patients with attentional disorders.