一慢性期失語症者の言語生活の実態調査―1週間の録音調査および行動調査から

Language life of an individual with chronic aphasia : One-week study based on recording and behavioral assessment

　本研究の目的は，一慢性期失語症者(55歳，女性．ADL自立)の1週間の録音調査および行動調査を行い，日常生活でのコミュニケーション行動の特徴とその課題を明らかにすることにある．調査の結果，対象は，①外出やデイサービスを利用した日に発話時間が長い，②外出場所が多い日に話す話題が増える，③デイサービスを利用した日に対象から話題を開始した割合が高い，④デイサービスの活動では利用者に折り紙を教える時間が長いことが認められた．一方，会話相手については，⑤家族や医療・福祉に関係する人との会話が多く，近所の人や病前からの友達との会話がみられない，⑥家族以外ではデイサービスの利用者，介護職者，友の会の会員の順に発話時間が長いことが確認された．また，⑦店，娯楽施設，飲食店など行動範囲は多彩であるが，外出場面の多くに夫が同伴していることがわかった．以上，対象の日常生活でのコミュニケーション行動の特徴や課題が明確となった．

　The purpose of this study was to clarify the communication behavior and problems of an individual with chronic aphasia (a 55-year-old female, independent in ADL) through an examination of the records of her conversation and behaviors obtained over a one-week period.　Results indicated that:①the subject talked longer when she left the house and attended day services, ②the subject talked on a greater number of topics on the days when she visited more places, ③the subject initiated proportionately more topics on the days when she used day services, and④at the day services, she spent a relatively long time teaching origami to the other users.　In addition, ⑤the subject's conversational partners were often family members and medical and welfare personnel, and no neighbors or friends she had before her illness were included, ⑥other than family members, the subject spoke the longest with other users of day services, caregivers, and fellow members of her aphasia peer circle (in that order), and⑦although the subject had a variety of activities, including visits to stores, recreational facilities, and restaurants, her husband almost always accompanied her outside their home.　This study clarified the subject's communication behavior and problems in everyday life.