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静岡県N町・K村の老健法健診受診者より1985(昭和60)年健診コホートを作成した。コホート人口は30歳代から80歳代まで男767人,女1332人,計2099人である。「ぼけ」の調査は,生存者については10年後の状態を,死亡者については死亡直前の状態を,保健婦および保健委員により,筆者らが作成した調査用紙を用いて行なった。
「ぼけ」出現率は5.5%(10年間)(「ぼけている」3.7%,「おかしな行動」1.8%)で,高齢者に高く,また女に高かった。性,年齢を制御した単変量解析の結果では,「ぼけ」(「ぼけている」+「おかしな行動」)ありに関連する要因は血色素量,尿糖,身体の具合であった。目的変数を「ぼけ」あり「ぼけ」なしとして多重ロジスティック法(変数増加法条件付)を行なうと,血色素量(低い),身体の具合(悪い),眼底SH(高い)および脈圧(大きい)が説明変数として有意に高いオッズ比が得られた。
A cohort study on risk factors for senile dementia was conducted among residents aged 30 years and over in N-town and K-village, Shizuoka Prefecture. A study cohort (2099 participants, 767 men and 1332 women) was assembled in 1985 and followed for about 10 years untill 1995. During the follow-up periods, 245 subjects were died and 126 were lost to follow-up.
Mental state of the living and that before death of the deceased were assesed by public health nurse and coworkers, using criteria we developed in 1991.
Incidence of dementia per decade was 5.5% (moderately demented 3.7%, appreciably demented 1.8%) of the population. The incidence was higher in women than in man, and increased strongly with age.
After adjusting for age and gender, a feeling of not being healthy, hypo-hemoglobinemia and positive glucose in urine were independent risk factors for senile dementia.
By multivariate analysis using logistic regression, hypo-hemoglobinemia, a feeling of not being healthy, hypertensive change in fundus oculi and increased pulse pressure were related to incident of senile dementia.
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