看護における社会的スキル尺度の構成

Construction of “Scale of Social Skills for Nursing (SSSN)”

問題と目的

　看護は患者と看護者の対人関係を基盤にして行なわれるものである。看護者が提供する看護ケアの有効性には，患者と看護者との間で作り上げられる対人関係が大きく影響する。

　患者と看護者との対人関係は，一般の対人関係と比べると特異な関係にあり，これまでにも，さまざまな観点から論じられてきた。たとえばそれは，治療する者とされる者という治療的関係であるとの指摘や（Arnold ＆ Boggs,1989），看護に関する専門的知識や技能を背景に，援助する者と援助される者という専門的援助関係である（Hames ＆ Joseph,1980）という指摘がある。

　The purposes of this study were to construct a scale of social skills for nursing and to examine the reliability and validity of the scale. The concept of social skills for nursing was defined as synthetic skills including medical communication skills and skills for the patient-nurse relationship. Two hundred and sixty nurses and 208 student nurses completed an original version on the Scale of Social Skills for Nursing (SSSN) along with three scales assessing general social skills, self-monitoring, and social desirability. Through item analyses, 55 items were selected as the final version of SSSN. The SSSN showed a high interanl consistency (α = .934) and a moderate test-retest reliability (r = .684) with a three-month interval. Significant correlation were observed between the SSSN score and measures of general social skills and self-monitoring. There was no correlation between the SSSN score and the score of the social desitavility scale. Furthermore, a hypothesis that a person who has longer experience of nursing would get higher score of the SSSN was confirmed. These results indicated the reliavility and the validity of SSSN.