作業療法士向け労働職場ストレス尺度の構成とその特徴

Structure and characteristics of a workplace stress scale for occupational therapists

要旨：本研究は，適合的かつ実用的なストレス尺度を作成し，作業療法士の労働職場ストレッサーとそれによるストレスの全容と特徴を明らかにすることを目指した．当事者インタビューと先行研究をもとに労働職場ストレス多項目尺度を作成し，岐阜県下の作業療法士に郵送調査を実施した（有効回答率72.4％）．そのデータを因子分析し，6つの下位尺度を構成した．その後，尺度構成と各労働職場ストレッサー経験者割合・強度について検討した．「作業療法への無理解」や「指導・育成への負担感」は，他職種にない作業療法分野特有のストレッサーである可能性が示唆された．また，経験者割合・強度ともに高い数値を示すストレッサー項目を明示することができた．

　The present study aimed to clarify workplace stressors and the full extent and characteristics of stress caused by them. For that, we developed an appropriate and functional stress scale for occupational therapists. The multi-item stress scale was based on interviews with interested people and previous studies, and was used to conduct a postal survey with occupational therapists in Gifu prefecture (response rate:72.4%). Factor analysis reduced the data to six subscales. We subsequently studied the proportion and intensity of the scale components and participants' workplace stressors. The results suggested that “the lack of consideration towards occupational therapy” and “the burden of guidance and training” were likely to be stressors specific to the field of occupational therapy. It was also possible to identify stressors showing a high numerical value for both the proportion of participants and intensity.