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Expanding RNA physiology Haruhiko Siomi 1 1Department of Molecular Biology, Keio University School of Medicine Keyword: トランスクリプトーム , 非コードRNA , miRNA pp.831-840
Published Date 2011/9/15
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1542102719
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Genetic output was thought to be entirely or almost entirely transacted by proteins and therefore it was believed that there was good correlation between morphological, developmental and physiological complexity and the number and diversity of protein-coding genes. However, recent studies have confirmed that the number of protein-coding genes does not seem to fluctuate among eukaryotic species and therefore they cannot readily be distinguished in this way. Only ~2% of the human genome corresponds to protein-coding genes while most of the genome does not appear to have protein-coding capacity. It is now clear that up to 90% of the human genome has been transcribed, generating an extraordinary range of RNAs with non coding capacity. Intriguingly, there seems to be a linear relationship between the complexity of an organism and the number of non-coding RNAs produced. These observations have led to the new concept : that lying behind the origin of complexity of higher organisms is the dramatic expansion of the non-protein-coding RNA inventory, including the absolute number of siRNAs, miRNAs, and long non-coding RNAs rather than an increase in the protein-encoding inventory.


Copyright © 2011, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-1367 印刷版ISSN 0485-1420 医学書院

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