抗アレルギー剤による鼻アレルギー発症因子の変動—2．ヒスタミン感受性の変動

Effect of Antiallergic Drugs on 3 Major Factors Contributing to the Manifestation of Nasal Allergy: Part II, Effect on Nasal Mucosal Sensitivity to Histamine

　I．はじめに

　鼻アレルギーの発症は抗原抗体反応だけによるのでなく，好塩基球および肥満細胞から遊離されるchernical mediatorを介して，鼻粘膜の過敏性が密接に関係している。

　筆者らは鼻アレルギー発症の主要因子を，①鼻アレルギー反応の場と考えられる鼻粘膜表層部の好塩基球と肥満細胞（好塩基性細胞）の数，②好塩基性細胞からのヒスタミン遊離③ヒスタミンに対する鼻粘膜の過敏性，の3点におき，各種の抗アレルギー剤の作用機序を明らかにしようとした。

　In order to elucidate the mode of action of antiallergic drugs, the nasal mucosal sensitivity to histamine was examined by histamine application to the mucosal surface of the inferior turbinate before and after treatments with several medications.

　A drop of histamine dihydrochloride, ten-folds series from 10¹ to 10⁵ μg/ml, was used and the minimum concentration which induced sneezing ineach patient was detected, and the nasal mucosal threshold to histamine was determined.

　The threshold was increased in 100 times or more in 43% of the patients treated with antihistamine, in 20% with Neurotropin, in 10% with Disodium Cromoglycate, in none with Beclomethasone and the control group. The mucosal sensitivity to histamine was significantly decreased only after antihistamine treatment.