感音性聴覚障害児の原因について

CAUSES OF SENSORY-NEURAL HARD OF HEARING IN CHILDREN

　Ⅰ．緒言

　近年，小児疾患の原因がしばしば遺伝及び胎生期の異常に基因している場合のある事実より，妊娠及び分娩周辺期の異常に強い関心が持たれる様になりつつある。

　耳鼻咽喉科領域に於ては，従来，ろう及び感音性難聴の遺伝学的研究は数多く見られるが，胎生期や分娩期の異常について検討を加えた研究は数少い。

Since Gregg reported in 1941 the relatio-nship between maternal rebella teat may occur during the early months of pregnancy and the hard of hearing in the sibling many researches have been made on this influence of prenatal period.

From this point of view 500 children with sensory-neural hard of hearing below the age 10 were selected from 21,168 hard of hearing patients who sought consultations and studied in accordance to their histories of (1) hereditary or maternal abnormality, (2) the conditions of pregnancy, (3) the con-ditions at the time of delivery, (4) abnorma-lities until the time loss of hearing was definitely noted.

Differing from othe similar studies in th part the present study is remarkable in that the cases unknown category for loss of hea-ring was exceedingly fow in number. Hard of hearing due to abnormalities occurring during the early pregnancy ranged 12%, to asphyxia at birth, 12%; to febrile diseases in early infancy, 15% ; to icterus neonatorum 4% ; and maternal rebella in 2 cases.