小児軽症頭部外傷と嘔吐

Recurrent Vomiting after Mild Head Injury in Children

Ⅰ．はじめに

　幼小児の軽症頭部外傷患者で，外傷後早期に，反復性の嘔吐と傾眠がみられることはよく経験するところである．

　頭部外傷後間もなく，患児が傾眠状態となり，顔面蒼白と嘔吐が出現すると，患児の両親は，外傷性頭蓋内血腫を心配し，急患として病院を受診することが少なくない．ところが，これらの症例のうちの大多数は，臨床所見と補助診断法によって外傷性頭蓋内血腫の存在は否定され，輸液をおこなうと，嘔吐は急速に消失し，翌日には患児は元気になり，神経症状を残すことはない．

Clinical manifestations of head injury in children seem to be different from those seen in adults. Especially recurrent vomiting, somnolence and ketosis are apt to develop more frequently in children after even mild head injury.

In order to clarify the mechanism of early, recurrent vomiting and somnolence, the authors have reviewed 35 cases of mild head injury in children during the past 6 months. Age distribution was from 11 months to 12 years.