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Neuroendocrine functions of sex steroid hormones. Fukuko KIMURA 1 , Toshiya FUNABASHI 1 , Kazuyuki SHINOHARA 1 1Department of Physiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine Keyword: GnRH , パルス状分泌 , サージ状分泌 , エストロジェン pp.599-609
Published Date 1998/8/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431900874
  • Abstract
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The secretion of gonadotropins (luteinizing hormone: LH and follicle stimulating hormone: FSH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is controlled by the preoptic area-hypothalamus mediating the action of steroid hormones secreted from gonadal gland, especially estrogens. The mechanism how estrogen acts to control GnRH secretion in female rats is first described. Second, actions of estrogen and progesterone on the suprachiasmatic nucleus the biological clock, are described.

LH and FSH of female mammals are secreted from the anterior pituitary gland in two modes, a tonic (basic) and a phasic (preovulatory or surge) secretion. Pulsatile and surge secretion of GnRH, respectively, goveren these secretions. A very small number of GnRH neurons residing in the mediobasal hypothalamus constitutes the GnRH pulse generator. The activity of this generator is under the tonic inhibition of opioid neurons. Estrogens activate these inhibitory opioid neurons, which effect constitutes the negative feedback action of estrogen on LH secretion.

The GnRH surge generator which produces surge secretion of GnRH is composed of a major group of GnRH neurons present in the preoptic area. The activity of this generator is under the phasic inhibition of GABA neurons. Estrogen activate these inhibitory GABA neurons, which effect probably constitutes the positive feedback action of estrogen on LH secretion.


Copyright © 1998, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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