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Gene therapy of neurological diseases using AAV vectors Keiya Ozawa 1 1Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine ; Division of Cell Transplantation and Transfusion ; Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical School Keyword: AAVベクター , 遺伝子治療 , パーキンソン病 , ドパミン合成系酵素遺伝子 pp.853-860
Published Date 2003/12/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431100371
  • Abstract
  • Look Inside

 AAV vectors are considered to be promising gene-delivery vehicles for gene therapy, because they are derived from non-pathogenic virus, efficiently transduce non-dividing cells such as neurons, muscles, and hepatocytes, and cause long-term transgene expression. Appropriate AAV serotypes are utilized depending on the type of target cells;e.g., neurons are efficiently transduced with AAV2 and AAV5 vectors, and an AAV1 vector is most suitable for muscles. In addition, multiple genes can be efficiently transferred into the same target cells using separate AAV vectors. Among various neurological disorders, Parkinson's disease(PD)is one of the most appropriate candidates of gene therapy. PD is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that predominantly affects dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. There are two major approaches to gene therapy of PD;i.e., 1)intrastriatal expression of dopamine(DA)-synthesizing enzyme genes, and 2)neuroprotection using the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)gene to prevent the disease progression. As for the initial step of clinical application, AADC(aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase;the enzyme converting L-DOPA to DA)gene transfer in combination with oral administration of L-DOPA would be appropriate, since DA production can be regulated by adjusting the dose of L-DOPA. Preclinical studies are being conducted in MPTP-parkinsonian monkeys. AAV vector-mediated gene therapy would be feasible as a novel treatment of PD in the near future.


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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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