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サルの大脳皮質には前頭弁蓋部外側面にある3野の口腔再現野と,外側溝内前頭弁蓋部と島皮質の移行部(G野)の2カ所に第一次味覚野があり,一方,高次味覚野としてPrCOと前頭眼窩野があげられている。G野と高次味覚野で味覚ニューロンが記録されているが,味覚弁別タスク中に手掛かり刺激と行動の関係を逆転すると,G野では逆転にも関わらず味刺激の物理化学的性質に応答し続け,一方,高次味覚野の多くのものは次の行動に依存した活動を示した。すなわち,第一次味覚野と高次味覚野では再現する味の情報が異なる。また,高次味覚野では味覚と嗅覚や視覚との統合や,内臓感覚による味の修飾が起こっていることが観察される。
The primary gustatory area has been located at 2 cortical regions, one at area G at the transition between the frontal operculum and insula in the lateral sulcus and one at the oral representation area of precentral area 3 in subhuman primates. The higher-order gustatory area, on the other hand, have been estimated at the PrCO(precentral operculum)and orbitofrontal cortex including the OFO(orbitofrontal operculum). So far physiological studies have shown that taste neurons in the primary and higher-order gustatory cortices showed similar properties, except for sensory specific satiety in the latter. Reversal of cue-task relation at a taste discrimination GO-NOGO task, however, revealed that almost all neurons in the primary gustatory area represent the physico-chemical nature, but some in the higher order areas represent the behavioral context of gustatory cues. Thus, it is suggested that the primary and higher-order gustatory areas deal with different aspects of taste information.
(Received:November 17, 2003)
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