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重症熱性血小板減少症候群(severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome:SFTS)は,SFTSウイルスによるマダニ媒介ウイルス出血熱である。主に西日本で年間約80人が発症し致死率は20%を超える。発熱,血小板減少,白血球減少,消化器症状が主徴であるが,SFTS脳症と呼ばれる意識障害をしばしば伴う。マダニ以外にSFTS発症ネコからの感染が新たな問題となっており,われわれは身近にあるこの新興ウイルス感染症に対していっそう注意する必要がある。
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne viral hemorrhagic fever caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). Approximately 80 patients are infected annually, mainly in western Japan, and the case fatality rate is >20%. The clinical presentation of SFTS typically includes fever, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Localized lymphadenopathy, coagulopathy associated with prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, muscular symptoms, and neurological abnormalities referred to as SFTS encephalopathy are often observed. Besides tick-borne spread, SFTSV infection is increasingly being transmitted via SFTS-infected cats. Clinicians should remain mindful of this emerging viral infection.
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