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前頭側頭葉変性症(FTLD)の概念は,ピックが側頭葉や前頭葉の限局性脳萎縮で局在的な症状を呈すると指摘し,のちにそれがピック病と命名されたことに始まる。その後長年,ピック球の有無はピック病の診断には無関係とされてきたが,現在ではピック球を有する症例のみをピック病と呼ぶ。ピックの症例は左側頭葉萎縮例が多く,実はピック病ではなく意味性認知症に相当しTDP-43病理が疑われる。当初のピック病は現在のFTDと同義で多様な背景病理を持っている。
Abstract
Arnold Pick described a focal cortical syndrome caused by focal temporal and/or frontal cortical atrophy, later reffered to as Pick's disease (PiD), a prototype of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). In contrast to the current concept of PiD, the presence of Pick bodies (tau-positive inclusions) was not thought to be necessary for the diagnosis of PiD. Four out of the seven patients in his original paper had predominant left temporal atrophy and language related symptoms corresponding to semantic dementia. It is now known that most patients with semantic dementia have transactive response DNA-binding protein 43kDa (TDP-43) pathology rather than tau pathology. The original concept of PiD was substantially similar to the current concept of FTLD, which has heterogeneous molecular pathology including tau, TDP-43 and fused in sarcoma (FUS).
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