救急外来を受診した鼻出血症例の検討

Clinical Study of Epistaxis in ENT Emergency Visit

I．はじめに

　鼻出血は，耳鼻咽喉科の日常診療において遭遇する頻度の高い疾患である。その大半は比較的容易に止血し得るものであるが，重症例では入院治療や輸血なども必要になることがある。特に休日，夜間の鼻出血は止血処置の専門性において他科には対応が困難なため，耳鼻咽喉科にとって重要な救急対応疾患の1つと考えられる。

　今回われわれは，東京医科大学病院耳鼻咽喉科救急外来を受診した鼻出血患者に対し，患者動態を統計的に検討した。

　Three hundred thirty one patients with epistaxis who visited our emergency department were analysed. Epistaxis was observed more frequently in male than in female,particularly in male in their 50's. Epistaxis occurred more frequently in winter. The most frequent bleeding site was in the Kiesselbach's area. The patients exhibited complications due to other systemic diseases,especially hypertension. Almost all cases were treated with gause packing containing antibiotic ointment. Seven patients treated with postnasal packing of Belloq's tampon required hospitalization and one of them needed a blood transfusion due to drastic decrease of hemoglobin.