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1978年〜1990年に,広島大眼科緑内障外来の再診患者のうち,原発閉塞隅角緑内障(PACG)および原発開放隅角緑内障(POAG)と診断された患者について外来治療費を再診料,検査料,薬剤料に分けて計算した。
PACGでは,1978年の緑内障外来治療費は患者あたり1年間で28,740円で,そのうち薬剤料はわずか1,260円であった。ところが1981年から交感神経β—遮断薬が使用されるようになると,1985年には外来治療費は88,190円と大幅に増加し,特に薬剤料は42,140円と著明に増加した。POAGも同様で,特に薬剤料は1978年には5,460円であったが,1985年には55,770円と増加した。薬剤料に占めるβ—遮断剤の割合は1985年,1990年とも70%以上であった。緑内障の潜在患者は多く,今後,緑内障治療費の増加が予想され,治療に際してcost-benefitを考慮する必要がある。
We calculated the medical cost borne by the outpatients for primary glaucomas at our glaucoma service during the foregoing 13 years. Samples were randomly selected from a total of 499 patients treated for primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) or primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Outlay for out-patient treatments were calculated from the medical record for the calendar years 1978, 1985 and 1990. Patients who underwent surgery or laser therapy were excluded from the sample.
The per capita outlay for PACG average 28,740 yen, including 1,260 yen for drugs, in 1978. It amounted to 88,190 yen, including 42,140 yen for drugs, in 1985. This drastic increase was partly due to introduction of topical beta-blockers since 1981. In cases of POAG, the cost for drugs amounted to 5,460 yen in 1978 and 55,770 yen in 1985. Outlay for beta-blockers accounted for about 70% for overall medications in 1985 and 1990. The above trend in medications for glaucomas seems to continue along with the expected rise in the early detection of glaucoma in future.
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