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1965年から1966年までの2年間(Ⅰ群)および1982年から1986年までの5年間(Ⅱ群)の当科外来患者のうち,片眼もしくは両眼の矯正視力0.1未満の症例を対象として比較検討した。(1)Ⅰ群では,眼外傷が視覚障害原因疾患の第1位(14.0%)となり,Ⅱ群では,Ⅰ群で第15位(1.8%)に過ぎなかった糖尿病性網膜症が第1位(14.7%)を占めて有意に増加していた(p<0.001)。(2)角膜パンヌスは,Ⅰ群では7.2%で第4位を占めていたが,Ⅱ群では1.3%と有意に減少していた(p<0.001)。同様にⅠ群と比較して,視神経萎縮,角膜斑および白斑のⅡ群での有意な減少が目立った(p<0.001)。(3)高度の視覚障害(両眼とも視力0.01未満)の原因疾患としても,糖尿病性網膜症がⅡ群で第1位(23.1%)を占めた。
We surveyed the incidence and causes of severe visual impairment among patients seen in our Department in 1965-66 (group 1) and 1982-86 (group 2). Severe visual impairment was defined as visual acuity less than 0.1 with best correction involving at least one eye. There were 506 cases in group 1 from a total of 5,738 patients and 1,640 cases in group 2 from a total of 17,635. Ocularinjury was the leading cause of visual impairment at 14.0% in group 1. Diabetic retinopathy ranked as 15th at 1.8% in group 1 and as the leading cause at 14.7% in group 2. Visual impairment was caused by trachoma infection in 7.2% in group 1 and 1.3% in group 2. Diabetic retinopathy was also the leading cause in very severely impaired vision with visual acuity less than 0.01 in the better eye at 23.1% during 1982-86.
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