幼児期から成人にいたる屈折と眼軸長および眼軸長角膜曲率半径比の相関について

Correlation between refraction and optical components in children and adults

　4歳から成人にいたる2,297眼について屈折度，眼軸長，角膜曲率半径，および眼軸長角膜曲率半径比を求めた．

　加齢に伴って近視眼が増加（幼児期18.8％，成人60.5％）し，眼軸長平均値は延長し，眼軸長角膜曲率半径比の平均値も大きくなった．

　一方，角膜曲率半径には年齢による変動はほとんどみられなかった．

　屈折度と眼軸長の間の相関係数は-0.731〜−0.861と各年齢ともかなりの高値を示したが，屈折度と眼軸長角膜曲率半径比の間の相関係数は−0.882〜−0.936と更に高く，眼軸長よりも眼軸長角膜曲率半径比の方が，屈折とより密接に関連していることが認められた．

We quantitated the refraction, axial length and the radius of anterior corneal curvature in 2,297 eyes ranging in age from 4 years and up to include each school age, teens and adults. Ax/CC ratio was defined as axial length/radius of corneal curvature and was used in the evaluation of the data.

The incidence of myopia increased with advance in age, from 18.8% in children to 60.3% in adults.This increase was associated with increase in the mean value of axial length and Ax/CC ratio. The radius of corneal curvature remained stationary throughout the ages.

Throughout the age groups, there was a higher correlation coefficient between refraction and Ax/ CC ratio (-0.882 to -0.936) than that between refraction and axial length (-0.731 to 0.861). The corneal curvature was poorly correlated with refraction (0.1 to 0.397) or with axial length (0.09 to 0.332).

Rinsho Ganka (Jpn J Clin Ophthalmol) 42(6) : 653-656, 1988