家庭視力表による3歳児視力スクリーニング

Visual acuity screening for 3-year-old children by home eye test chart

　3歳児の家庭での視力検査が視力スクリーニングとして有効かどうかを検討するため，3歳児健康診査に「家庭でできる幼児用視力検査表」を用い，視力スクリーニングを実施した．

（1）事前に家庭へ視力表を郵送する方法で，319名中295名（92.5％）に視力検査が可能であった．そのうち，視力0,5を答えられた者は247名（83.7％），視力0.5を答えられなかった者は48名，屈折異常者は8名（2.5％）であった．

（2）3歳児健診当日に視力表を配布・説明し，ハガキにて回収する方法で，実際にハガキを回収できた児は553名中318名（57.5％）と低く今後検討すべき点は多いが，視力0.5を答えられた者は318名中308名（96.9％）と高く視力スクリーニングとして有効と思われた．また，屈折異常は318名中3名（0.9％）に，眼位異常は3名（0.9％）に認められた．

（3）家庭でできる幼児用視力表は実施が容易であり，前者の正答率（視力0.5を答えられた者）は83.7％，後者は96.9％であった．この視力表を保健所における3歳児健康診査のなかに導入することは有意義であると思われた．

We conducted visual acuity screening for 3-year-old children with eye test chart to be used at home.

The test chart was mailed to the parents before-hand and the results were collected at regular health check at public health offices. Out of 319, 292 (92.5%) brought the results. A total of 247 cases (83.7%) showed visual acuity of 0.5 or more and passed the test, with the remaining 48 (16.3%) failing. Further ophthalmological examinations of these 48 cases showed 8 cases (2.5%) with re-fractive errors.

The rest of the cases who initially failed the test turned out to be normal after the test was repeated by aprents or orthoptists.As a next attempt, the vision test chart was handed to the parents at the health office when they came to the 3-year-old health check. After oral instructions on how to use the chart, the parents were asked to mail the results later.

Only 318 out 553 (57.5%) responded, of which 308 (96.8%) reported they passed the test.Refractive errors and strabismus were found in 3 (0.9%) each.

The finding indicates that the home eye test for 3 year-old children can be used with relative ease by parents. We recommend that visival acuity screen-ing with home eye test be included in the regular health check program for 3-year-old children.

Rinsho Ganka (Jpn J Clin Ophthalmol) 41(9) : 1117-1120, 1987