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Natural Course of Uncorrected Visual Acuity and Refraction Among School Children Makoto Inatomi 1 , Minoru Futenma 1 , Masayasu Hayashi 1 , Yoshiko Shimojima 1 , Midori Kawamura 1 , Hiroshi Okazaki 2 , Kyoko Kinoshita 2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University School of Medicine 2Kinan General Hospital pp.1387-1397
Published Date 1976/12/15
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1410205555
  • Abstract
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Ophthalmologic examinations were perform-ed on 3,288 elementary school children aged from 6 to 12 years old and 1,675 middle school children aged from 13 to 15 years old. The distribution of uncorrected visual acuity and prevalence of refractive errors, amblyopia, strabismus and other ocular abnormalities were analysed.

Among the refractive errors, myopia was 11.6%, hypermetropia was 19.6%, astigmati-sm was 2.4% among the elementary school children. Myopia was 15.8%, hypermetropia was 11.6%, astigmatism was 1.2% among the middle school children. Amblyopia with correc-ted visual acuity of 0.3 or less was 0.54%. Strabismus was 0.56%, ET 0.28%, and XT 0.28%.

The follow-up study was done 3 years later to see the natural course of the uncorrected visual acuity and refractive errors on 2,600 elementary school children aged from 6 to 12 years old at the beginning. The younger age group with uncorrected visual acuity of 0.9 or less showed a spontaneous improvement of vi-sual acuity more than the older age group. In the group in which the initial visual acuity was 0.4 to 0.9, 70% of younger age group and 40% of older age group improved visual acuity more than two lines. Even in the group in which the visual acuity was 0.2 to 0.3, 48% of younger age group showed improvement more than two lines, against 9% in older age group.

Most of the younger age group, whose re-fraction was between +1.0 to -1.0D at the first time, showed a spontaneous change to emmetropia. 90% of -1.25 to -2.0D group changed the refraction to the myomic side more than 2.25D 3 years later. The shift of the refraction to the hyperopic side in the myopic group was significant in the group in which refraction was less than -1.0D and more so in the younger age group (80%) than the older age group (30%).


Copyright © 1976, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-1308 印刷版ISSN 0370-5579 医学書院

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