高知大学医学部眼科におけるBehçet病症例の統計学的観察

Review of Behçet disease affecting the eye at Kochi Medical School

要約　目的：過去1年間のBehçet病による眼合併症の報告。対象と方法：高知大学附属病院眼科を受診した初診または再診患者25例を診療録に基づいて検索した。結果：男性13例，女性12例で，平均年齢は52.5±13.8歳，平均罹患期間は12.9±8.3年であった。20例が両眼に罹患し，計45眼中14眼（31％）が前眼部炎型，31眼（69％）が汎ぶどう膜炎型であった。13眼（29％）では最終受診時の矯正視力が0.3未満であった。汎ぶどう膜炎型では前眼部炎型よりも最終受診時の視力が有意に低かった（p＜0.01）。40歳以前に両眼性に発症した男性では汎ぶどう膜炎型が多かった。結論：Behçet病によるぶどう膜炎では，40歳以前に両眼に発症した男性では汎ぶどう膜炎になるリスクが大きく，視力予後が不良である。

Abstract.　Purpose：To report the incidence and clinical features of ocular involvement by Behçet disease. Cases and Method：This retrospective study was made on 25 cases who were seen at the Department of Ophthalmology,Kochi Medical School during 12 months through March,2009. Results：There were 13 males and 12 females. Both eyes were affected in 20 cases. The age averaged 52.5±13.8 years. The eye had been affected for an average of 12.9±8.3 years. Out of the total of 45 eyes,14 eyes（31％）had anterior uveitis and 31 eyes（69％）had panuveitis. Visual acuity at the last visit was less than 0.3 in 13 eyes（29％）. Visual acuity at the last visit was significantly poorer in eyes with panuveitis than anterior uveitis（p＜0.01）. Panuveitis was more frequent in males who were bilaterally affected before the age of 40 years. Conclusion：Uveitis due to Behçet disease may manifest as panuveitis with poor visual outcome when it involves both eyes in males under 40 years of age.