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側臥位での骨盤前額面傾斜に影響する因子について検討した.骨盤支持器で側臥位に固定した股関節手術例12例〔人工股関節置換術(THA)9例,人工骨頭置換術3例〕を対象とした.術直前に麻酔下に手術台を含む骨盤正面像を撮影し,両涙痕下端,坐骨下端,仙腸関節下端を結ぶ線の,手術台からの垂線に対する骨盤の前額面傾斜を計測し,対側の大転子張り出し度(大転子と腸骨外縁を結ぶ線の骨盤中心軸となす角),腰椎側弯度,身長,体重,BMI,胸囲,腹位,殿位との相関の有無を検討した.骨盤の前額面傾斜は,平均+0.63±0.9°(-4.0~+6.0°)であった.大転子張り出し度との相関を認め(p=0.006,R=0.74),大転子が腸骨より張り出しているほど,骨盤は頭側へ傾く傾向が認められた.側臥位での骨盤手術やTHAなどの股関節手術においては,前額面側方傾斜が必ずしも一定ではないこと,術前骨盤正面X線像での腸骨に対する大転子の張り出し度が術中の骨盤側方傾斜に影響することを念頭に置いて行うべきである.
We examined the effects of the coronal pelvic angle on the lateral operating position. Anteroposterior X-rays of the pelvises of 12 patients in the lateral position were taken just before surgery under anesthesia (9 THAs and 3 prosthetic replacements). The angle of tilt between the vertical line of the table and the line formed by the inferior end of the teardrop, ischium, and ilio-sacral joint was+0.63±0.9° (-4.0 to +6.0°) (mean±SD). No correlations was seen with age, BMI, trunk size, or scoliosis of the spine, but the line between the lateral edge of the major trochanter and the ilium strongly positively correlated with the coronal angle of the pelvis (p=0.006, R=0.74). Surgeons should note that the coronal angle of the pelvis in the lateral operating position varies with the patient. The coronal pelvic angle in the lateral operating position is presumed to appear from the side opposite the prominent balance between the major trochanter and ilium in preoperative X-rays.
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