Japanese
English
- 有料閲覧
- Abstract 文献概要
- 1ページ目 Look Inside
I.緒言
1961年,Virnoら14)が実験的脳浮腫に対して,グリセロールを投与し,効果を認めて以来,実験的あるいは臨床的に検討が加えられ6,7,13),現在頭蓋内圧の低下と脳浮腫の改善にグリセロールが有効であるとされている。
脳浮腫に対して従来使用されてきたマンニットールには,rebound現象・水—電解質バランスの乱れなどが見られ,ステロイドには胃腸管出血などの重大な副作川があり,また有効性自体についていまだに議論のあるところである。これらに比し,グリセロールは欠点が少なく使いやすいとされている。副作用として報告されていた血素尿および溶血性腎不全も5%フルクトースの添加によつてほとんど発現を見なくなつた1)。また,Meyerら8)によれば,糖代謝への影響も少なく,糖尿病の患者にも安心して使用できるとされている。今回われわれは,高血圧性脳内出血の症例に対して,グリセロールを使用し,非ケトン性高浸透圧性高血糖を経験したので報告し,文献的考察を加える。
A case of nonketotic hyperosmolar hyperglycemia following intravenous administration of glycerol for cerebral edema are discribed.
A 65 years old, right-handed, hypertensive man experienced an episode of distrubance of conscious-ness and right hemiplegia. CT scan revealed intra-cerebral hemorrhage perforating to ventricular and subarachnoid space (left lateral type). 1000 m/ of 10% glycerol was administered each day since May 26 for 6 days for cerebral edema. Blood sugar beganto elevate on May 30 and continued to elevate until 825 mg/dl on June 1. At the same time serum sodium concentration was 172 mEq/l, and ketone bodies were negative in the urine, and BUN was 60 mg/dl. These data revealed nonketotic hyperosmolar hyperglycemia.
Glycerol administration was discontinued, and 40 unit regular insulin was administered totally. Then blood sugar decreased till 139 mg/dl. Serum sodium concentration and BUN decreased gradually, and they became normal on June 6. Blood sugar became possible to be controlled by means of 20 unit lente insulin a day.
Possible mechanism of nonketotic hyperosmolar hyperglycemia in this case is as follows;
1) Diabetes mellitus existed prior to cerebro-vascular episode in this case because 50 g glucosetolerance test and immuno-reactive insulin response revealed diabetic pattern on the good controlled state.
2) Gluconeogenesis by glycerol was the strong stimulation towards hyperglycemia.
3) Dehydration action of glycerol suppressed the insulin secretion and the production of ketone bodies.
This case is the fifth case of nonketotic hyper-osmolar hyperglycemia following glycerol adminis-tration and the first case among the patients administered intravenously. Careful observation of blood sugar and electrolytes during glycerol admin-istration is important for old patient with diabetes mellitus.
Copyright © 1980, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.